领域驱动设计(DDD)实战指南:从理论到代码落地

什么是领域驱动设计? 领域驱动设计(Domain-Driven Design,简称DDD)是一种软件开发方法论,由Eric Evans在2003年提出。它的核心思想是:将软件系统的设计与业务领域(Domain)紧密绑定,通过深入理解业务领域来构建更加精确、有价值的软件模型。 DDD 的核心概念 1. 通用语言(Ubiquitous Language) 团队所有成员(开发人员、业务专家、产品经...

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领域驱动设计(DDD)实战指南:从理论到代码落地

Source: DEV Community

什么是领域驱动设计? 领域驱动设计(Domain-Driven Design,简称DDD)是一种软件开发方法论,由Eric Evans在2003年提出。它的核心思想是:将软件系统的设计与业务领域(Domain)紧密绑定,通过深入理解业务领域来构建更加精确、有价值的软件模型。 DDD 的核心概念 1. 通用语言(Ubiquitous Language) 团队所有成员(开发人员、业务专家、产品经理)使用统一的语言来描述业务概念,避免沟通歧义。 2. 限界上下文(Bounded Context) 将大型系统拆分为多个独立的边界,每个边界内部有自己的领域模型和通用语言。 3. 核心域(Core Domain) 识别系统中最重要的业务部分,集中资源和精力优先构建。 DDD 的核心构建块 实体(Entity) 具有唯一标识的对象,其身份在生命周期内保持不变。 public class Order { private final OrderId id; // 唯一标识 private Money totalAmount; private List<OrderItem> items; public void addItem(Product product, int quantity) { // 业务逻辑验证 items.add(new OrderItem(product, quantity)); recalculateTotal(); } } 值对象(Value Object) 没有唯一标识的属性集合,一旦创建就不可变。 public record Money(BigDecimal amount, Currency currency) { public Money add(Money other) { if (!this.currency.equals(other.currency)) { throw new CurrencyMismatchException(); } return new Money(this.amount.add(other.amount), currency); } } 聚合根(Aggregate Root) 管理聚合内部所有对象的生命周期,保证业务规则的一致性。 领域服务(Domain Service) 当业务逻辑不属于任何实体或值对象时,创建

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